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Louis Gabriel Ambroise, Vicomte de Bonald (2 October 1754, Le Monna (part of Millau), Rouergue (now Aveyron) – 23 November 1840, Le Monna), was a French counter-revolutionary〔Beum, Robert (1997). ("Ultra-Royalism Revisited: An Annotated Bibliography With A Preface," ) ''Modern Age'', Vol. 39, No. 3, p. 302.〕 philosopher and politician. Mainly, he is remembered for developing a set of social theories that exercised a powerful influence in shaping the ontological framework from which French sociology would emerge.〔Nisbet, Robert A. (1943). "The French Revolution and the Rise of Sociology in France," ''The American Journal of Sociology'', Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 156–164.〕〔Nisbet, Robert A. (1944). "De Bonald and the Concept of the Social Group,” ''Journal of the History of Ideas'', Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 315–331.〕〔Reedy, W. Jay (1979). ("Conservatism and the Origins of the French Sociological Tradition: A Reconsideration of Louis de Bonald's Science of Society," ) ''Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting for the Western Society for French History,'' Vol. 6, pp. 264–273.〕〔Reedy, W. Jay (1994). "The Historical Imaginary of Social Science in Post-Revolutionary France: Bonald, Saint-Simon, Comte,” ''History of the Human Sciences'', Vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 1–26.〕 ==Life== Bonald came from an ancient noble family of Provence. He was educated at the Oratorian college at Juilly,〔Simpson, Marin (2005). "Bonald, Louis de (1754–1840)." In: ''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Thought.'' London & New York: Routledge, p. 58.〕 and after serving with the Artillery, he held a post in the local administration of his native province. Elected to the States General of 1789 as a deputy for Aveyron, he strongly opposed the new legislation on the civil status of the clergy and emigrated in 1791. There he joined the army of the Prince of Condé, soon settling in Heidelberg. There he wrote his first important work, the highly conservative ''Theorie du Pouvoir Politique et Religieux dans la Societe Civile Demontree par le Raisonnement et l'Histoire'' (3 vols., 1796; new ed., Paris, 1854, 2 vols.), which the Directory condemned. Upon returning to France, he found himself an object of suspicion and at first lived in retirement. In 1806, he, along with Chateaubriand and Joseph Fiévée, edited the ''Mercure de France''. Two years later, he was appointed counsellor of the Imperial University, which he had often attacked previously.〔Simpson (2005), p. 58.〕 After the Bourbon Restoration he was a member of the council of public instruction and, from 1816, of the Académie française.〔Dorschel, Andreas (2008). "Aufgeklärte Gegenaufklärung", ''Süddeutsche Zeitung'', No. 25, p. 16.〕 From 1815 to 1822, de Bonald served as a deputy in the French National Assembly. His speeches were extremely conservative and he advocated literary censorship. In 1825, he argued strongly in favor of the Anti-Sacrilege Act, including its prescription of the death penalty under certain conditions. In 1822, de Bonald was made Minister of State, and presided over the censorship commission. In the following year, he was made a peer, a dignity which he had lost by refusing to take the required oath in 1803. In 1816, he was appointed to the Académie française. In 1830, he retired from public life and spent the remainder of his days on his estate at Le Monna. De Bonald had four sons, two of whom, Victor and Louis, led lives of some note. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louis Gabriel Ambroise de Bonald」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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